Continuous probability distribution

F (Fisher–Snedecor) distribution

X ~ F(d₁, d₂)

The ratio of two scaled chi-squared variables. It is the distribution behind ANOVA and any test that compares two variances or assesses overall regression significance.

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Key facts

Notation
X ~ F(d₁, d₂)
Type
continuous
Parameters
d₁ — numerator degrees of freedom; d₂ — denominator degrees of freedom
Support
[0, ∞)
PDF
Ratio of two independent χ² variables, each divided by its degrees of freedom
Mean
d₂ / (d₂ − 2), for d₂ > 2
Variance
2 d₂² (d₁ + d₂ − 2) / [d₁ (d₂ − 2)² (d₂ − 4)], for d₂ > 4

When to use it

  • Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
  • Comparing two sample variances
  • Overall F-test of a regression

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